Java Exception Handling Code Challenges & Tips

1. Write a method that takes a string as input and throws a custom exception if the string is null or empty.

2. Implement a method that simulates a file read operation and throws an `IOException` if the file cannot be found.

3. Create a class that extends `Exception` and implement a constructor that accepts a custom error message.

4. Write a code snippet that uses a try-catch block to handle an `ArithmeticException` when dividing two integers and returns a default value instead.

5. Implement a method that reads from an array of integers and throws an `ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException` if the provided index is out of bounds.

6. Create a scenario where multiple exceptions are thrown in a try block, and handle them using multiple catch blocks.

7. Write a code example demonstrating how to use a `finally` block to ensure that a resource (like a file or database connection) is closed, regardless of whether an exception is thrown.

8. Build a function that handles a `NullPointerException` by returning a default value when a null object is accessed.

9. Write a code snippet that demonstrates throwing a checked exception, creating a method that declares it, and then catching it in another method.

10. Develop a method that converts a String to Integer and throws a `NumberFormatException` if the conversion fails.